Master 2025 Latest The Questions Kubernetes Administrator and Pass CKA Real Exam!
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Linux Foundation CKA (Certified Kubernetes Administrator) Program is a certification exam designed to test the skills of individuals who work with Kubernetes. Kubernetes is an open-source platform that is used to automate the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. The CKA exam is designed to validate an individual's understanding of Kubernetes and their ability to deploy, configure, and troubleshoot Kubernetes clusters.
The Linux Foundation CKA exam consists of a set of performance-based tasks that are designed to test the candidate's ability to work with Kubernetes in a real-world environment. CKA exam is conducted in a supervised, online environment, and the candidate has access to a Kubernetes cluster during the exam. CKA exam is designed to test a candidate's skills in various areas, including cluster architecture, deployment, security, troubleshooting, and automation.
NEW QUESTION # 40
Create a pod as follows:
* Name:non-persistent-redis
* container Image:redis
* Volume with name:cache-control
* Mount path:/data/redis
The pod should launch in thestagingnamespace and the volumemust notbe persistent.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below.
Explanation
solution
NEW QUESTION # 41
List all the pods sorted by name
Answer:
Explanation:
kubect1 get pods --sort-by=.metadata.name
NEW QUESTION # 42
List all persistent volumes sorted by capacity, saving the full kubectl output to /opt/KUCC00102/volume_list. Use kubectl 's own functionality for sorting the output, and do not manipulate it any further.
Answer:
Explanation:
solution
NEW QUESTION # 43
Annotate the pod with name=webapp
- A. kubectl annotate pod nginx-dev-pod name=webapp
kubectl annotate pod nginx-prod-pod name=webapp
// Verify
kubectl describe po nginx-dev-pod | grep -i annotations - B. kubectl annotate pod nginx-dev-pod name=webapp
kubectl annotate pod nginx-prod-pod name=webapp
// Verify
kubectl describe po nginx-dev-pod | grep -i annotations
kubectl describe po nginx-prod-pod | grep -i annotations
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 44
Score: 7%
Task
Given an existing Kubernetes cluster running version 1.20.0, upgrade all of the Kubernetes control plane and node components on the master node only to version 1.20.1.
Be sure to drain the master node before upgrading it and uncordon it after the upgrade.
You are also expected to upgrade kubelet and kubectl on the master node.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below.
Explanation
SOLUTION:
[student@node-1] > ssh ek8s
kubectl cordon k8s-master
kubectl drain k8s-master --delete-local-data --ignore-daemonsets --force apt-get install kubeadm=1.20.1-00 kubelet=1.20.1-00 kubectl=1.20.1-00 --disableexcludes=kubernetes kubeadm upgrade apply 1.20.1 --etcd-upgrade=false systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart kubelet kubectl uncordon k8s-master
NEW QUESTION # 45
A Kubernetes worker node, named wk8s-node-0 is in state NotReady. Investigate why this is the case, and perform any appropriate steps to bring the node to a Ready state, ensuring that any changes are made permanent.
You can ssh to the failed node using:
[student@node-1] $ | ssh Wk8s-node-0
You can assume elevated privileges on the node with the following command:
[student@w8ks-node-0] $ | sudo -i
Answer:
Explanation:
solution
NEW QUESTION # 46
Create a pod as follows:
Name: mongo
Using Image: mongo
In a new Kubernetes namespace named: my-website
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below.
Explanation
solution
F:\Work\Data Entry Work\Data Entry\20200827\CKA\9 B.JPG
NEW QUESTION # 47
Check the history of deployment
Answer:
Explanation:
kubectl rollout history deployment webapp
NEW QUESTION # 48
Create a pod as follows:
Name: mongo
Using Image: mongo
In a new Kubernetes namespace named: my-website
Answer:
Explanation:
solution
NEW QUESTION # 49
Create a file called "config.txt" with two values key1=value1
and key2=value2. Then create a configmap named "keyvalcfgmap" andread data from the file "config.txt" and verify that configmap is created correctly
- A. cat >> config.txt << EOF
key1=value1
key2=value2
EOF
cat config.txt
// Create configmap from "config.txt" file
kubectl create cm keyvalcfgmap --from-file=config.txt
//Verify
kubectl get cm keyvalcfgmap -o yaml - B. cat >> config.txt << EOF
key1=value1
key2=value2
EOF
kubectl create cm keyvalcfgmap --from-file=config.txt
//Verify
kubectl get cm keyvalcfgmap -o yaml
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 50
You have a deployment named 'wordpress-deployment' that runs a WordPress application. The deployment is configured to use a PersistentVolumeClaim (PVC) for its data storage. However, you need to change the access mode of the PVC to 'ReadWriteMany to allow multiple pods to share the same dat a. How would you modify the Deployment and PVC to achieve this?
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Update the PVC Access Mode:
- Modify the access mode in the PersistentVolumeClaim YAML file to 'ReadWriteMany'.
2. Update the Deployment: - Update the Deployment YAML to reflect the change in access mode:
3. Apply the Changes: - Apply the updated PVC and Deployment YAML files using 'kubectl apply -f wordpress-pvc.yaml' and 'kubectl apply -f wordpress-deployment.yamr , respectively. 4. Verify the Changes: - Use 'kubectl describe pvc wordpress-pvc' to verify that the access mode has been updated to ReadWriteMany'. - Check the deployment status using 'kubectl get deployments wordpress-deployment' to confirm that the deployment is running with the updated PVC.
NEW QUESTION # 51
From the pod label name=cpu-utilizer, find pods running high CPU workloads and write the name of the pod consuming most CPU to the file /opt/KUTR00102/KUTR00102.txt (which already exists).
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below.
Explanation
solution
F:\Work\Data Entry Work\Data Entry\20200827\CKA\16 B.JPG
F:\Work\Data Entry Work\Data Entry\20200827\CKA\16 C.JPG
NEW QUESTION # 52
Configure the kubelet systemd- managed service, on the node labelled with name=wk8s-node-1, to launch a pod containing a single container of Image httpd named webtool automatically. Any spec files required should be placed in the /etc/kubernetes/manifests directory on the node.
You can ssh to the appropriate node using:
[student@node-1] $ ssh wk8s-node-1
You can assume elevated privileges on the node with the following command:
[student@wk8s-node-1] $ | sudo -i
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below.
Explanation
solution
NEW QUESTION # 53
You have a Deployment named 'web-app' running 3 replicas of a web server. You need to define a PodDisruptionBudget (PDB) that ensures at least 2 replicas of the 'web-app' are always available during a planned or unplanned disruption. Write the YAML definition for the PDB and explain how it helps to ensure availability.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. PDB YAML Definition:
2. Explanation: - 'apiVersion: policy/vl Specifies the API version for the PodDisruptionBudget resource. - 'kind: PodDisruptionBudget': Specifies the type of resource, which is a PodDisruptionBudget. - 'metadata.name: web-app-pdb': Sets the name of the PDB. - 'spec.selector.matchLabels: app: web-app': This selector targets the Pods labeled with 'app: web-app' , ensuring the PDB applies to the 'web-app' Deployment's Pods. - 'spec.minAvailable: 2: Specifies the minimum number of Pods (replicas) that must remain available during a disruption. In this case, at least 2 replicas of 'web-app' must be running. 3. How it ensures availability: - Planned Disruptions: If you need to perform a maintenance operation that requires taking down a Pod, the Kubernetes scheduler will not allow it if doing so would violate the PDB. For example, if you try to delete a Pod belonging to 'web-app' , the scheduler will prevent it because deleting it would reduce the available replicas below the 'minAvailable' threshold. - Unplanned Disruptions: In case of node failures, the PDB helps to protect the application by ensuring that the minimum required number of Pods remain running on other healthy nodes. 4. Implementation: - Apply the YAML using 'kubectl apply -f web-app-pdb.yamr 5. Verification: You can verify the PDB's effectiveness by trying to delete Pods or simulate a node failure. You should observe that the scheduler prevents actions that would violate the 'minAvailable' constraint.
NEW QUESTION # 54
Create a persistent volume with name app-data, of capacity 2Gi and access mode ReadWriteMany. The type of volume is hostPath and its location is /srv/app-data.
Answer:
Explanation:
solution
Persistent Volume
A persistent volume is a piece of storage in a Kubernetes cluster. PersistentVolumes are a cluster-level resource like nodes, which don't belong to any namespace. It is provisioned by the administrator and has a particular file size. This way, a developer deploying their app on Kubernetes need not know the underlying infrastructure. When the developer needs a certain amount of persistent storage for their application, the system administrator configures the cluster so that they consume the PersistentVolume provisioned in an easy way.
Creating Persistent Volume
kind: PersistentVolume apiVersion: v1 metadata: name:app-data spec: capacity: # defines the capacity of PV we are creating storage: 2Gi #the amount of storage we are tying to claim accessModes: # defines the rights of the volume we are creating - ReadWriteMany hostPath: path: "/srv/app-data" # path to which we are creating the volume Challenge Create a Persistent Volume named app-data, with access mode ReadWriteMany, storage classname shared, 2Gi of storage capacity and the host path /srv/app-data.
2. Save the file and create the persistent volume.
3. View the persistent volume.
Our persistent volume status is available meaning it is available and it has not been mounted yet. This status will change when we mount the persistentVolume to a persistentVolumeClaim.
PersistentVolumeClaim
In a real ecosystem, a system admin will create the PersistentVolume then a developer will create a PersistentVolumeClaim which will be referenced in a pod. A PersistentVolumeClaim is created by specifying the minimum size and the access mode they require from the persistentVolume.
Challenge
Create a Persistent Volume Claim that requests the Persistent Volume we had created above. The claim should request 2Gi. Ensure that the Persistent Volume Claim has the same storageClassName as the persistentVolume you had previously created.
kind: PersistentVolume apiVersion: v1 metadata: name:app-data
spec:
accessModes: - ReadWriteMany resources:
requests: storage: 2Gi
storageClassName: shared
2. Save and create the pvc
njerry191@cloudshell:~ (extreme-clone-2654111)$ kubect1 create -f app-data.yaml persistentvolumeclaim/app-data created
3. View the pvc
4. Let's see what has changed in the pv we had initially created.
Our status has now changed from available to bound.
5. Create a new pod named myapp with image nginx that will be used to Mount the Persistent Volume Claim with the path /var/app/config.
Mounting a Claim
apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: creationTimestamp: null name: app-data spec: volumes: - name:congigpvc persistenVolumeClaim: claimName: app-data containers: - image: nginx name: app volumeMounts: - mountPath: "/srv/app-data " name: configpvc
NEW QUESTION # 55
Create 2 nginx image pods in which one of them is labelled with env=prod and another one labelled with env=dev and verify the same.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below.
Explanation
kubectl run --generator=run-pod/v1 --image=nginx -- labels=env=prod nginx-prod --dry-run -o yaml > nginx-prodpod.yaml Now, edit nginx-prod-pod.yaml file and remove entries like "creationTimestamp: null"
"dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst"
vim nginx-prod-pod.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
labels:
env: prod
name: nginx-prod
spec:
containers:
- image: nginx
name: nginx-prod
restartPolicy: Always
# kubectl create -f nginx-prod-pod.yaml
kubectl run --generator=run-pod/v1 --image=nginx --
labels=env=dev nginx-dev --dry-run -o yaml > nginx-dev-pod.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
labels:
env: dev
name: nginx-dev
spec:
containers:
- image: nginx
name: nginx-dev
restartPolicy: Always
# kubectl create -f nginx-prod-dev.yaml
Verify :
kubectl get po --show-labels
kubectl get po -l env=prod
kubectl get po -l env=dev
NEW QUESTION # 56
You have a Kubernetes cluster with a Deployment named 'web-app' running 3 replicas. One of the pods in the Deployment is consistently crashing, and you suspect it is due to resource limitations. You need to investigate the resource usage of the failing pod and adjust its resource requests and limits to prevent it from crashing.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Identify the Failing Pod:
- Use "kubectl get pods -l app=web-app' to list pods in the 'web-app' Deployment.
- Identify the pod that is consistently crashing. You might see an event in the pod's description like "Container
'web-app' exited with code 137" which indicates an OOMKilled event.
2. Examine Resource Usage:
- Get detailed information about the failing pod using 'kubectl describe pod '
- Look for the "Containers" section and pay attention to the resource usage metrics:
- CPU Usage: This will indicate how much CPU the container is using.
- Memory Usage: This shows how much memory the container is consuming.
- Resource Requests: This indicates how much CPU and memory the container is requesting.
- Resource Limits: This shows how much CPU and memory the container is allowed to use.
3. Adjust Resource Requests and Limits:
- Based on the resource usage and the "Resource Requests" and "Resource Limits" you observed in the previous step, increase the requests and limits for the container.
- Example: If the container consistently uses 200m CPU and 250Mi memory, increase the requests and limits to
250m CPU and 500Mi memory.
- Edit the Deployment YAML:
4. Update the Deployment: - Apply the updated YAML using 'kubectl apply -f web-app.yamP 5. Monitor the Pod: - Observe the pod's resource usage and stability after the update. - You can use 'kubectl describe pod ' or 'kubectl top pod to monitor resource usage. 6. Further Troubleshooting: - If the pod continues to crash, you might need to consider other factors, such as: - Container image optimizations: Ensure the container image is optimized for efficient resource consumption. - Application code adjustments: Analyze the application code for any resource-intensive operations. - Vertical Pod Autoscaling (VPA): Configure VPA to automatically adjust the resource requests and limits of pods based on their resource usage.
NEW QUESTION # 57
Create a pod with image nginx called nginx and allow traffic on port 80
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below.
Explanation
kubectlrun nginx --image=nginx --restart=Never --port=80
NEW QUESTION # 58
What file type upload is supported as part of the basic WildFire service?
- A. VBS
- B. ELF
- C. PE
- D. BAT
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 59
List all the pods sorted by name
Answer:
Explanation:
See the solution below.
Explanation
kubect1 get pods --sort-by=.metadata.name
NEW QUESTION # 60
You must connect to the correct host.
Failure to do so may result in a zero score.
[candidate@base] $ ssh Cka000046
Task
First, create a new StorageClass named local-path for an existing provisioner named rancher.io/local-path .
Set the volume binding mode to WaitForFirstConsumer .
Not setting the volume binding mode or setting it to anything other than WaitForFirstConsumer may result in a reduced score.
Next, configure the StorageClass local-path as the default StorageClass .
Answer:
Explanation:
Task Summary
You need to:
* SSH into cka000046
* Create a StorageClass named local-path using the provisioner rancher.io/local-path
* Set the volume binding mode to WaitForFirstConsumer
* Make this StorageClass the default
Step-by-Step Solution
1## SSH into the correct host
ssh cka000046
## Required. Skipping this = zero score
2## Create a StorageClass YAML file
Create a file named local-path-sc.yaml:
cat <<EOF > local-path-sc.yaml
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
name: local-path
annotations:
storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "true"
provisioner: rancher.io/local-path
volumeBindingMode: WaitForFirstConsumer
EOF
# This:
* Sets WaitForFirstConsumer (as required)
* Marks the class as default using the correct annotation
3## Apply the StorageClass
kubectl apply -f local-path-sc.yaml
4## Verify it's the default StorageClass
kubectl get storageclass
You should see local-path with a (default) marker:
NAME PROVISIONER RECLAIMPOLICY VOLUMEBINDINGMODE ALLOWVOLUMEEXPANSION
AGE
local-path rancher.io/local-path Delete WaitForFirstConsumer false 10s
Final Command Summary
ssh cka000046
cat <<EOF > local-path-sc.yaml
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
name: local-path
annotations:
storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "true"
provisioner: rancher.io/local-path
volumeBindingMode: WaitForFirstConsumer
EOF
kubectl apply -f local-path-sc.yaml
kubectl get storageclass
NEW QUESTION # 61
List "nginx-dev" and "nginx-prod" pod and delete those pods
Answer:
Explanation:
kubect1 get pods -o wide
kubectl delete po "nginx-dev" kubectl delete po "nginx-prod"
NEW QUESTION # 62
......
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